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2021-01

Unsure how to choose between noise reduction plates and sound insulation cotton?

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Vehicle noise is generated during driving, and the noise enters the vehicle interior through various parts of the vehicle. Excessive interior noise during driving seriously affects the driving experience. However, I want to take noise countermeasures. There is more than one sound insulation material on the market, such as vibration damping plates, sound insulation cotton, and sound-absorbing cotton. How should these materials be selected? Which material is more effective? This is a problem that plagues many drivers. In fact, while clarifying which sound insulation material is more effective, we should first know where the noise in the car comes from. The noise sources of a car are actually divided into two parts: one part is transmitted from the outside to the inside of the car, and the other part is generated by the car itself.

　　Noise generated during vehicle operation enters the car through various parts, resulting in excessive interior noise and significantly impacting the driving experience. Many drivers are troubled by the need to address this noise, and the various soundproofing materials available on the market, such as damping sheets, sound insulation cotton, and sound-absorbing cotton. How should these materials be chosen? Which material is most effective? These are questions that plague many drivers.

　　Before determining which soundproofing material is most effective, it's important to understand the sources of vehicle noise. These sources are divided into two parts: noise from outside the vehicle and noise generated within. Exterior noise includes tire noise (caused by friction between tires and the road), wind noise (caused by air vibrating repeatedly in cavities between the wheels and vehicle structure due to poor airflow), and noise from the vehicle's metal body resonating (due to thin, inflexible metal).

　　In addition to differences in noise sources, the three noise reduction materials also have different functions. Damping sheets, mostly made of butyl rubber, are a sticky material similar to chewing gum, directly adhered to metal panels. Their aluminum surface layer further enhances damping and strengthening effects. Damping sheets effectively suppress metal vibrations, increase rigidity, and reduce noise directly at the source. However, they are not very effective against airborne sound waves. Therefore, damping sheets are suitable for areas with thin metal and strong vibrations, such as doors, hoods, trunks, and less rigid areas like the chassis. Note: Do not cover the entire interior with damping sheets, as while effective, it can worsen low-frequency noise.

　　Sound insulation cotton is a low-density material; as its name suggests, it's a soft, sponge-like material with many holes that block the transmission of airborne sound, reducing interior noise by interrupting the transmission path. Sound-absorbing cotton is similar, but lighter, and absorbs airborne noise. The noise vibrates within the material's pores, dissipating energy as heat and thus reducing noise. The difference between sound insulation cotton and sound-absorbing cotton is that sound insulation cotton reflects noise, while sound-absorbing cotton does not; sound insulation cotton provides better sound insulation than sound-absorbing cotton.

　　Because these soundproofing materials work at different stages, their effectiveness varies. For the best sound insulation, using all three materials is most effective in reducing interior noise, although this increases cost. Specialized interior noise reduction design services are available, offering customized solutions, but these can be expensive. Well-off drivers may wish to consider this option.

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